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Invesco Drops Efforts to Launch Bitcoin Futures ETF

Would-be bitcoin exchange-traded fund (ETF) issuer Invesco is pulling out of the race to issue a bitcoin futures product.

The company said Monday that it would no longer attempt to launch an ETF linked to bitcoin futures, a day before a competing product by fellow issuer ProShares begins trading.

The company could not immediately be reached for comment. However, a spokesperson told Bloomberg in a statement that it would continue efforts to launch a physical bitcoin ETF.

“We have determined not to pursue the launch of a Bitcoin futures ETF in the immediate near-term; however we will continue to work in partnership with Galaxy Digital to offer investors full shelf of products with exposure to this transformative asset class, including pursuing a physically backed, digital asset ETF,” the statement said in full.

A bitcoin futures ETF, such as the one that will begin trading on Tuesday, tracks the price of CME’s bitcoin futures, rather than the price of bitcoin directly. A physical bitcoin ETF would track the underlying cryptocurrency’s price.

While there may not be a huge difference in returns in the short-term, the returns might diverge by a few percentage points over the course of a year. Still bitcoin futures ETFs are likely the only crypto ETF products to launch in the U.S. at the moment. SEC Chair Gary Gensler has expressed a preference for futures ETFs due to the investor protections outlined by the law that governs these ETFs.

Invesco has yet to file a notice with the SEC formally withdrawing the ETF filing. A filing Monday announced that it was delaying the effective date of its Bitcoin Strategy ETF, the name of its futures fund, to the end of October. These filings are typically filed by issuers if they have yet to secure all of the necessary permissions to launch an ETF.

Daniel Nelson contributed reporting.

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Author: Nikhilesh De

Sports-betting firm DraftKings to become a full validator for the Polygon network

DraftKings, a sports-betting company with a $20 billion market capitalization, announced Monday that it will become a full validator for the Polygon Network, an Ethereum-based scaling platform. 

DraftKings Marketplace, an ecosystem that focuses specifically on NFTs, will launch a node on the Polygon Network to authenticate transitions using a proof-of-stake consensus protocol — reducing the carbon and monetary cost of each transaction. This marketplace has previously used Polygon.

“Scalability and sustainability remain among the critical challenges of blockchain technology, so as we lay the groundwork today for the vision of DraftKings Marketplace tomorrow, the vast insights and proven products from Polygon around scalable solutions are invaluable,” said Paul Liberman, co-founder and president of global product and technology at DraftKings, in a statement.

In late August of this year, DraftKings collaborated with the Tom Brady-backed NFT marketplace Autograph to launch Preseason Access Collection, a marketplace for NFT collectibles from famous athletes such as the Jamaican sprinter Usain Bolt and U.S. gymnast Simone Biles

Ethereum’s fees have been high since September of 2021, The Block’s data shows, adding between $20 and $40 to each transaction. The high fees, coupled with the environmental impact of every transaction, have urged some users to move away from Ethereum toward different, cheaper blockchains such as Solana and now Polygon.  

© 2021 The Block Crypto, Inc. All Rights Reserved. This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

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Author: MK Manoylov

DeFi on the Ballot: Yearn Developer Matt West Is Running for Congress

First a MakerDAO lobbyist, now a Yearn candidate.

As regulatory stormclouds gather over Washington and crypto advocates seek to obtain a louder voice in U.S. politics, one Yearn.Finance developer is running for Congress on a pro-crypto platform.

That said, he may need the decentralized finance (DeFi) community’s help if he hopes to win.

On Oct. 12, Matt West declared his candidacy for Oregon’s newly formed 6th U.S. House district. West holds a Ph.D. from the University of Texas in chemical engineering with a focus on renewable energy, and works at tech giant Intel on manufacturing.

In an interview with CoinDesk last month, West said he got involved with Yearn last year as a side gig.

“I got extremely bored with every day being the same, so I started stretching my brain a little bit, started teaching myself Solidity, started working with Yearn, worked with a partner and won their hackathon last year – we integrated Hegic to create that now-defunct vault,” he said.

Until recently he’s been working with the team from no-loss lottery protocol PoolTogether on Yearn’s stablecoin yield farming strategies.

PoolTogether founder Leighton Cusack recently took to Twitter to express support for West’s candidacy:

West is notable for being perhaps the first DeFi-literate candidate to run for office, and is certainly the first DeFi developer to launch a campaign.

It’s a welcome development for advocates who believe recent actions from legislators – such as an amendment to an infrastructure bill that nearly rendered running an Ethereum node legally impossible – are out of touch and destructive.

Indeed, over the summer Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) decried crypto’s “shadowy super-coders” – a label that West wears proudly.

“You know, when Warren said that, I said, ‘She’s not wrong,’” he joked.

But while many would-be crypto candidates are generally focused on one issue, West says the seed for his run was planted years ago, and his platform reflects that.

“My state’s constantly on fire, there’s federal overreach, there’s outside protestors like the Proud Boys coming in to start riots – it came to a breaking point,” he told CoinDesk of his decision to run.

Making a difference

A growing number of crypto advocates have toyed with runs in the wake of recent regulatory scrutiny.

Messari founder Ryan Selkis is currently threatening a 2024 run for Senate.

Popular crypto talk show host and proud Alabaman Brian Krogsgard, better known as Ledger, has also publicly mused on a run for Senate.

Read more: Compromise Provision Tanked by Near-Retiree, but Crypto Shows DC It’s Here to Stay

While both Selkis and Krogsgard were spurred to action by events in the crypto-sphere, West says his decision to run came after he saw the crackdown on the Black Lives Matter protests.

“I live in the suburbs of Portland, and my city’s been through hell and back in the last few years. Watching the federal government coming in and kidnapping our civilians off the streets in unmarked vans and taking them to undisclosed locations – that was incredibly terrifying,” he said.

These views might seem at odds with crypto-bro culture at first blush, but West argues that individuals contributing to the technology sport a variety of ideological stripes.

“Crypto is an interesting space. You have die-hard libertarians and people trying to do universal basic income in the same field,” he said. “To crib from the Republicans, it’s a big tent.”

Unlike Krogsgard and Selkis, West is doing more than just talking about a run: He has filed with the relevant authorities, hired a dedicated campaign manager and has been paying out of pocket for legal consultations related to accepting crypto donations.

“This isn’t a vanity project for me. I want to make a difference, and if I can’t do it like this I’ll find another way,” he said.

Know thy neighbor

It remains somewhat up in the air who West’s competition will be since the borders of Oregon’s 6th district were only finalized on Sept. 27.

“It’s a brand-new district, so we don’t really know who’s running yet. We’re going to wait and see – it’ll be an open seat, so it’ll be more of a competitive primary than a competitive general, would be my guess,” West said.

He does believe, however, his positions will end up being well aligned with a strongly Democratic district.

“My actual politics are pretty leftist,” he said, noting that he holds “pro unionization, pro living wage” views and that he is vocal about the importance of addressing global climate change – a noted bugaboo for environmentalists that often view crypto with suspicion, if not outright hostility.

Read more: How DeFi Can Help Make Climate Change an Investable Asset

He doesn’t think climate activists will hold his crypto credentials against him, however.

“I think my chances become fairly good when you add in that I’ve been in Oregon for some time, I did research on global warming in grad school, for my job I’ve been in the research and development facility at Intel helping design future manufacturing processes – I’ve got academia, global warming and industry experience.”

Money matters

West is quick to admit that, as a relative outsider, his odds hinge primarily on what he can raise.

“It’s really a matter of riding momentum – it’s a sad fact of politics that early money might determine the issue,” he said.

He started his campaign by “putting in a little bit to get started and to self-fund the wheels,” including hiring staff and conducting preliminary research.

Now that he’s declared, however, he says he needs the community’s support – he even held off on announcing his run on Twitter until his campaign and BitPay managed to navigate the legal hurdles presented by crypto donations.

“It was a big deal for me to accept crypto donations from the start of the campaign. There are a few folks who run as crypto-friendly and take donations, but as someone who is coming directly from the crypto community as a developer and contributor it wasn’t just a marketing gimmick,” he said. “I wanted to show to the crypto community that they matter to me.”

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Author: Andrew Thurman

DraftKings Co-Founder Matt Kalish Explains Why the Betting Site Is Serious About NFTs

DraftKings co-founder Matt Kalish became personally infatuated with non-fungible tokens (NFT) earlier this year. He’s now helping his sports betting giant navigate digital collectibles. It’s one of the few publicly traded companies with an on-platform NFT marketplace. This week on “Opinionated,” Danny, Ben and Anna learn more about the Bored Ape Yacht Club-owning president of DraftKings.

In a wide-ranging conversation, the hosts spar over what makes an NFT valuable, whether fundamental tech specs matter, and why it’s important to see big names like DraftKings jumping in. Non-fungible tokens are more than a phase, Kalish says: They’re a new way of trading and owning goods online.

Kalish, who has long loved sports collectibles, thinks NFTs are a natural evolution of the baseball card era. His platform is primed to take a hefty cut. It has signed up a long line of A-list athletes in some of their first NFT deals. That includes Tom Brady, the five-time Super Bowl-winning quarterback who sat through multiple sessions of digital autograph signing for DraftKings’ NFT debut.

The gang learns more about Kalish’s philosophy and DraftKings’ crypto plans. Is this a one-off act by the lucrative gaming outfit? Or is crypto here to stay, with NFTs only the vanguard? Listen to the latest edition of the “Opinionated” NFT series to find out.

This episode was produced, announced and edited by Michele Musso with additional production support from Eleanor Pahl. Our theme song is by Elision.

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Author: Ben Schiller, Anna Baydakova, Danny Nelson

Ghana Wants to Make Its CBDC Available for Use Offline: Report

Ghana wants its central bank digital currency (CBDC) to work offline, according to a report from Bloomberg on Monday.

CBDCs are digital forms of a jurisdiction’s legal currency and are designed to be available via smartphones. Kwame Oppong, head of fintech and innovation at the Bank of Ghana (BoG), said the country’s digital currency, the e-cedi, would work offline through the use of smart cards, according to the report.

Smart cards are physical cards embedded with a chip, similar to modern bank cards.

Speaking at the Ghana Economic Forum on Monday, Oppong said that efforts to bring financial services to people without access to bank accounts are hindered by “the availability of connectivity and power.” He suggested that a CBDC that could be used offline might be a possible solution to this problem.

“What we hope to be able to do – and we’re one of the people pioneering this – is that the e-cedi would also be capable of being used in an offline environment through some smart cards,” Bloomberg quoted Oppong as saying.

So far, China might be trying a similar smart card-based solution for its digital yuan, in which users would be able to transfer their digital currency from bank accounts directly to an offline card. But based on an offline payments solution proposed by global financial service provider Visa earlier this year, offline transactions with CBDCs are not a given and could lead to counterfeiting or double spending.

The Bank of Ghana has been planning to issue a CBDC since at least 2019, and said it was in advanced stages earlier this year. In July, Ghana announced it would be piloting the e-cedi in September, but it hasn’t officially kicked off yet.

More than 80 jurisdictions around the world are studying the implications of CBDCs. Nigeria is setting up to launch its eNaira while, in October, the European Central Bank began a two-year experiment into a digital euro.

In September, the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) encouraged said central banks should start diligently working on CBDCs, particularly in light of the growth of crypto and stablecoin markets.

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Author: Sandali Handagama

A look at trading fees across NFT marketplaces

Quick Take

  • NFT marketplaces have seen incredible growth with the resurgence of NFTs
  • This piece compares fees charged by NFT marketplaces
  • On average, marketplaces charge sellers 2.2% on NFTs sold through their platforms

This research piece is available to
members of The Block Genesis.
You can continue reading
this Genesis research on The Block.

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Author: Steven Zheng

US Treasury wants to get crypto industry on board with sanctions programs

The Treasury wants to keep its sanctions toolbox effective. That apparently means working with the crypto industry.

On October 18, the Treasury published a review of sanctions for 2021. While it highlights crypto as a threat, it also stresses the need for the department to engage with the crypto community.

Administered by the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Asset Control, the U.S. sanctions program has expanded drastically since 9/11. As the Treasury notes, “This tool rests on the formidable strength of, and trust in, the U.S. financial system and currency.”

At several points, the review expresses concerns that excessive or badly designed sanctions programs ultimately undermine that strength and trust. 

Cryptocurrency has long faced the argument that evading sanctions is one of the field’s primary use cases. Indeed, today’s review highlights this threat:

“Technological innovations such as digital currencies, alternative payment platforms, and new ways of hiding cross-border transactions all potentially reduce the efficacy of American sanctions. These technologies offer malign actors opportunities to hold and transfer funds outside the traditional dollar-based financial system. They also empower our adversaries seeking to build new financial and payments systems intended to diminish the dollar’s global role. We are mindful of the risk that, if left unchecked, these digital assets and payments systems could harm the efficacy of our sanctions.”

Despite viewing crypto as a risk, the Treasury referred to “existing outreach and engagement capabilities” rather than criminalization as a solution, highlighting “new constituencies, particularly in the digital assets space.”

“Treasury should invest in deepening its institutional knowledge and capabilities in the evolving digital assets and services space to support the full sanctions lifecycle of activities,” the review reads.

Just three days ago, OFAC published guidelines for the crypto industry that, in retrospect, look like part of an outreach campaign. The latest reference to an investment into knowledge and capabilities, moreover, makes it sound like the Treasury will be looking to contract with more industry players. 

The outcome of the charm offensive from the Treasury is hardly a sure thing. Several of the most conspicuous unifying moments among crypto advocates came in opposition to attempts by the Treasury to expand crypto reporting requirements.

Examples include Steven Mnuchin’s push for counterparty checks on transfers to self-hosted wallets in December and expanded IRS definitions of “broker” in the stalled infrastructure bill. Consequently, industry players are largely wary of the Treasury. 

© 2021 The Block Crypto, Inc. All Rights Reserved. This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

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Author: Kollen Post

Digital assets app Bakkt ends first trading session down more than 6%

Digital assets platform Bakkt ended its first day as a publicly-traded company down more than 6% after a volatile session. 

Launched by exchange giant Intercontinental Exchange in 2018, Bakkt tapped the public markets Monday after a merger deal with VPC Impact Acquisition Holdings. Its shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

Bakkt initially launched as a platform for institutional crypto products, including futures and custody, but has shifted its focus to a retail app where users can swap loyalty points, cryptos, and several other digital assets.

The stock was down 6.41% at the close at 8.76 a share. It traded at nearly $10 earlier in the session. 

The company says that more than 1 billion loyalty points have been linked to its platform. Still, it’s not clear if the firm has hit its lofty goal of hitting 9 million users in 2021. 

Still, other companies operating in the crypto space kicked off their first sessions in the red, including Robinhood and Coinbase. 

© 2021 The Block Crypto, Inc. All Rights Reserved. This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

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Author: Frank Chaparro

Atari wants to be a real estate whale in the Metaverse


“For us it’s almost like having a store on 5th avenue”.

Atari is gearing up to celebrate its 50th anniversary, and appropriately enough the company is kicking off its half-century birthday not in the physical world, but in the metaverse. Specifically, it is hoping to capitalize off of the “land” it owns in virtual worlds built by Decentraland and The Sandbox.

Atari’s Head of Blockchain Manfred Mantschev told host Frank Chaparro on The Scoop: “When these plots came up the value of the adjacent plots would go up because people recognized the Atari brand, and that image would basically drive people, drive interest to the whole project. So that’s kind of how we got started.” Real estate in the metaverse continues to sell for record breaking amounts.

With early hits such as Pac Man, Pong, and Centipede, Atari is known as a landmark maker of arcade games of the 70s and 80s. Today, Atari’s familiar brand is often seen in nostalgia plays for consumers. By appearing in productions like Stranger Things, Ready Player One and Blade Runner the company has found new relevance.

Atari is hoping to onboard a wider audience into the metaverse in the same way that big brand storefronts attract shoppers to enter a shopping mall. Its mission now, Mantschev explained, is is to convince users to enter the metaverse, where Atari hopes to be a familiar face in a new virtual world. “The same way a mall wants to have a flagship store in the mall and smaller stores next to it are prepared to pay higher rents just because there is a sought-after anchor tenant in the mall.” 

How exactly Atari plans to incorporate its established games and brand is unclear, but the company is exploring numerous on-chain product offerings including gamified NFTs that can unlock special user privileges in a game. Mantschev, who collects NFTs himself, believes that  NFTs are “front and center” for Atari. In this way, Atari sees the metaverse as a means of enabling people to own their IP and views their early entrance into the metaverse as a functionally important builder of this new gaming ecosystem.

© 2021 The Block Crypto, Inc. All Rights Reserved. This article is provided for informational purposes only. It is not offered or intended to be used as legal, tax, investment, financial, or other advice.

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Author: Frank Chaparro

The NFT Market Is Already Centralized

One of the problems non-fungible tokens (NFTs) purport to solve is the idea of “platform risk.” Buy an in-game add-on for a video game and your purchase really exists only on the publisher’s platform; files are hosted on company servers until the game is retired, at which point everything vanishes into the ether.

By contrast, NFTs interact directly with a blockchain, which means each computer in the network retains a complete record of what’s actually going on with the files. No single company is responsible for storing the data; the thinking is that if one front-end interface crumbles, another can step in.

This article is excerpted from The Node, CoinDesk’s daily roundup of the most pivotal stories in blockchain and crypto news. You can subscribe to get the full newsletter here.

But there’s a difference between how decentralized systems are supposed to work and how they are working in practice. In fact, the market is already highly centralized. Take NFTs on the Ethereum network.

Foundation, KnownOrigin, Nifty Gateway, Rarible, SuperRare and Zora are among the major marketplaces vying to become a sort of Web 3 eBay, but as any NFT enthusiast will readily admit, there’s only one site that’s even close to getting there.

That would be OpenSea, the site backed by venture capital firm Andreessen Horowitz that was valued at $1.5 billion this past summer. According to blockchain data aggregator DappRadar, OpenSea has facilitated more than $600 million in trades since last Monday. SuperRare, the next comparable marketplace on the list, had $6 million in trading volume during the same span.

Part of the reason for OpenSea’s incumbency is that it’s more like a listings aggregator than a gallery. While platforms like Foundation and SuperRare support trades only with specific, curated NFT collections, OpenSea supports a much wider range of projects. You can’t trade SuperRare NFTs on Foundation, or Foundation NFTs on SuperRare, but you can trade both on OpenSea. (Rarible has the same kind of cross-project flexibility, but isn’t nearly as popular.)

OpenSea is also a little more lawless than either Foundation and SuperRare, both of which are trying to cultivate a reputation for dealing in digital artworks. OpenSea is where you go for your Lazy Lions, your Bored Apes – the more self-consciously artsy stuff tends to start on other platforms before finding its way to OpenSea’s secondary market.

As a few publications pointed out last week, OpenSea briefly played host to a collection of Hitler-themed NFTs, which were created using the marketplace’s own template. (Sophisticated developers might code their own NFTs, but everyone else can just opt for OpenSea’s “Shared Storefront” smart contract, which simplifies the process with a handy interface.) And although the site has delisted the tokens, the smart contract remains live on the Ethereum blockchain.

This is the other side of the platform risk question – the prospect of “uncensorable” information. Because that data lives on the blockchain, not on OpenSea, any Hitler-lovin’ developer could just build a front end that specifically supports those tokens. The Hitler tokens aren’t even gone from all the major marketplaces; they are still available to view on Rarible, along with their original accompanying description, which refers to Hitler as an “antihero.”

Two major centralized crypto exchanges, Coinbase and FTX, just announced their own NFT marketplaces last week, which will no doubt bring more moderation to the market. But top-down moderation is controversial in the more libertarian corners of crypto. We can all probably agree that NFTs venerating Hitler shouldn’t be sold on the open market, but is giving individual platforms that sort of discretion a slippery slope?

See also: Why I’m Skeptical of FATF’s ‘Extreme Right Wing’ Watch | Opinion

To that I’d say, the reality is that these platforms already have that discretion. The vast majority of NFTs are passing through OpenSea, a private company that’s clearly game to make those sorts of calls. Open markets tend to centralize in tech. It’s true of Web 2, where Amazon and Microsoft have come to dominate, and it’s true in the NFT market, at least so far.

I think there’s a good chance Coinbase’s and FTX’s marketplaces could accelerate this trend, drawing more potential traders toward centralized systems. More than 2.3 million people have already joined the waiting list for Coinbase’s NFT platform, no doubt thanks to the company’s cachet in the crypto sector. And FTX has the benefit of working with the Solana blockchain, which does away with Ethereum’s cost-prohibitive fee system.

Decentralized computing doesn’t necessitate a decentralized market structure, as Coinbase, FTX and others have proven. The trajectory of the NFT market may just bear that out, too.

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Author: Will Gottsegen


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